On this Special Report, the focus is on the Supreme Court’s significant intervention regarding the Aravalli Hills. A bench led by Chief Justice of India Suryakant has directed state governments to ensure that no illegal mining occurs within the Aravalli region. The Chief Justice observed that ‘illegal mining has irreversible destructive consequences causing permanent damage to the environment and habitat.’ The court has extended a stay on a previous order regarding the definition of the Aravallis and directed the formation of a high-powered committee of experts to address the ongoing dispute. The Rajasthan government has specifically been asked to ensure a total halt to mining activities following concerns raised by legal counsel. The bench, which includes Justice Joy Malabanchi and Justice Vipul Pancholi, emphasized the need for central assistance in identifying areas of serious concern. This programme explores the legal implications of the court’s move to protect the ecologically sensitive Aravalli range from further environmental degradation.